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2017

The use and sterilization of fermentation equipment.

Bioreactors are an important component of bioengineering and are key devices for the conversion of biotechnology into products, occupying a central position in bioengineering. Mechanical stirring bioreactors, also known as fermentation tanks, are special equipment for liquid fermentation. The small fermentation tanks used in laboratories can have a volume ranging from 1 L to several hundred liters. Fermentation tanks are equipped with controllers and various electrodes, which can automatically regulate the cultivation conditions required for experiments, making them essential equipment for scientific research in microbiology, genetic engineering, and the pharmaceutical industry.

The layout of the fermentation tank can be divided into two parts: the tank body and the controller.

The tank body is a hard glass cylinder, sealed at the bottom and top with stainless steel and rubber gaskets, with a volume of 10 L. The tank body has many openings, including feed and inoculation ports, supplement ports, dissolved oxygen electrode ports, temperature electrode ports, pH electrode ports, antifoam electrode ports, sampling tube ports, air inlet ports, mixer ports, and condenser ports. The fermentation tank is placed on a tank base, which not only supports the fermentation tank but also has stirring device transformation equipment, heating, and cooling equipment.

The controller can complete basic control functions and is composed of the following parts: parameter input and display devices for inputting various parameters to control fermentation conditions and displaying the temperature, pH, and DO (dissolved oxygen) values of the culture liquid in the tank during fermentation; electrode calibration devices for calibrating pH and DO electrodes; acid-base pumps for adding acid and alkali solutions to the fermentation tank to adjust the pH of the culture liquid; antifoam agent addition pumps for adding antifoam agents to the fermentation tank to eliminate excessive foam generated during fermentation; alarm and buzzer buttons, which sound an alarm when there is a fault in the circuit during fermentation, such as when the temperature, speed, or DO value displayed on the screen exceeds the set values; pressing this button can temporarily silence the alarm, but the buzzer will only stop when the fault is cleared; automatic or manual control buttons to determine whether the controller is in automatic or manual control mode; electrode conductive connections separately connect to control the DO, pH, temperature, foam, speed, motor start, heating, and cooling of the fermentation tank; air conditioning equipment, which consists of an air inlet, air outlet, air pressure reducing valve, air pressure gauge, air flow control valve, and air flow meter to regulate the air flow and pressure entering the fermentation tank. The air inlet pipe is connected to an air compressor or oxygen cylinder; the outlet pipe is connected to an air filter to filter out microorganisms from the air to prevent contamination.